{"id":7495,"date":"2026-04-19T23:09:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-19T20:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/?page_id=7495"},"modified":"2026-05-21T22:11:38","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T19:11:38","slug":"%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%81%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d1%81%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%86%d0%b8%d0%b8-%d0%b2-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%88%d0%b5","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/?page_id=7495","title":{"rendered":"\u0418\u0421\u0421\u041b\u0415\u0414\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \u0414\u0418\u0421\u041a\u0420\u0418\u041c\u0418\u041d\u0410\u0426\u0418\u0418 \u0412 \u041e\u0422\u041d\u041e\u0428\u0415\u041d\u0418\u0418 \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0410 \u0421 \u041f\u041e\u0417\u0418\u0426\u0418\u0419 \u0422\u0415\u041e\u0420\u0418\u0418 \u042f\u0420\u041b\u042b\u041a\u041e\u0412 \u0418 \u0421\u041e\u0426\u0418\u0410\u041b\u042c\u041d\u041e\u0419 \u0421\u0422\u0418\u0413\u041c\u042b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a9 2025 <\/strong>\u0421\u0443\u043d \u042e\u041d\u041b\u0418<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u041c\u0410\u0438\u0411 2025 \u2013 \u2116 2(30)<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>DOI: <\/strong>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33876\/2224-9680\/2025-2-30\/04<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><u>\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/u><\/em><\/strong>: \u042e\u043d\u043b\u0438 \u0421. (2025) \u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u044b, \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u2116 2 (30).<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/\u0421\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043a-\u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430-2026-04-19-\u0432-23.07.48.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-7496\" src=\"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/\u0421\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043a-\u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430-2026-04-19-\u0432-23.07.48.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"222\" \/><\/a>\u0421\u0443\u043d \u042e\u043d\u043b\u0438 \u2013 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0434\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044b<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 (\u041f\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u041a\u041d\u0420);<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>E-mail:<\/em><\/strong><em> yonglisunlove@ccmu.edu.cn<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9710-2246<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u2013 \u041e\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441 (\u0426\u041c\u0410 \u0418\u042d\u0410 \u0420\u0410\u041d)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430:<\/em><\/strong> \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414, \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430, \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u00bb<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f.<\/em><\/strong> \u0421\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435 \u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0433\u0443\u0431\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u0418\u0427-\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (labeling theory), \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441 \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u00ab\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u00bb. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u043a \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432, \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0443\u0433\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c. \u0412 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0412\u0418\u0427-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414 \u2013 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 (\u0412\u0418\u0427), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 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\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u043b\u044e\u0434\u044f\u043c, \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0441 \u0412\u0418\u0427 (\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u2013 \u041b\u0416\u0412), \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0444\u044b 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\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0433\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong> \u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u041d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441 \u0412\u0418\u0427<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u0432 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u042d\u0442\u043e, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c, \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e: \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e<sup>1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0412\u0418\u0427 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c: \u043e\u0442\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0443\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438, \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u044b\u0434, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u0443, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f \u043a \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044e, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0423\u0441\u0443\u0433\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u0412\u0418\u0427 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u0431\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e: \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441-\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433: \u0431\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u2192 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2192 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2192 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0443 \u00ab\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00bb \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u2013 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u2013 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0443. \u0427\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430, \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0430\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0430\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u2013 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u00ab\u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u00bb, \u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u041b\u0416\u0412, \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0411\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0412\u0418\u0427<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414 \u2013 \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0451\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0443\u043c\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0412\u0418\u0427 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044f \u2013 \u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u2013 \u0431\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0412\u0418\u0427 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u00bb. \u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u00ab\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u2013 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d-\u0433\u0435\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441-\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0412\u0418\u0427 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\u00ab\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e\u00bb. \u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u2013 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u042d\u0440\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0413\u043e\u0444\u0444\u043c\u0430\u043d \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00bb \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a (\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u00ab\u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u00bb \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0412\u0418\u0427-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u044b \u2013 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e, \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e, \u2013 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u00ab\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439\u00bb \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u044b\u0434 \u2013 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0412\u0418\u0427. \u041b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u00ab\u0441\u0430\u043c \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u00bb. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441, \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0418\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0421\u041c\u0418<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430 \u2013 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0421 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 1980-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0430: \u00ab\u0447\u0443\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\u00bb, \u00ab\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u00bb, \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c, \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0412 1990-\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0412\u0418\u0427, \u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0451\u0436\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0425\u044d\u043d\u0430\u043d\u044c), \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b \u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0430\u00bb, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u00bb \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0443\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u044c\u044e\u00bb, \u00ab\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0439\u00bb. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 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\u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u041b\u0416\u0412. \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0445\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u0412\u0418\u0427-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043e\u043c. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u00ab\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00bb \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e, \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d &#171;high-risk group&#187; (\u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u00bb) \u0432 \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u00ab\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443\u00bb, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>III. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0423\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u2013 \u043e\u0442 \u00ab\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u00bb \u043a \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c \u0441 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c\u00bb \u2013 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0416\u0412, \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u2013 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u00bb (\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043a \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0451\u043d\u043a\u0443, \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439) \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0451 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0421\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0430: \u043e\u0442 \u00ab\u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u00bb \u043a \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0443\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u041f\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0430, \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044b \u042e\u041d\u042d\u0419\u0414\u0421, \u2013 \u00ab\u043d\u0430\u0448 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433 \u2013 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u00bb \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0412\u0418\u0427 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0418\u0427 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0435\u0434\u0443, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b. \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0441 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0431\u0443, \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434, \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u00ab\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0435\u00bb. \u0412\u0418\u0427-\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u043a \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0443\u0433\u0443\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432: \u0412\u0418\u0427 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442; \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b; \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u00ab\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00bb \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b) \u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0421\u041c\u0418<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430 \u2013 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041e\u0442 \u00ab\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u00bb \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435: \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0451\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0438, \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041b\u0416\u0412, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u00ab\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0437\u044b\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u00ab\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043b-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0410\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430) \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f. \u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u00ab\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043b-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u00bb (jigsaw classroom), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u00ab\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u00bb \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0412\u0418\u0427-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u00ab\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0430\u00bb: \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438, \u043c\u0438\u0444\u044b \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b, \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u044d\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438, \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044e \u00ab\u043c\u044b \u2013 \u043e\u043d\u0438\u00bb \u0438 \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0435<sup>4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0430 \u0432 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u2014 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f. \u0423\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0451\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f, \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438, \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u044f\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044e \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438: \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0431\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e: \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0421\u041c\u0418; \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432; \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u041b\u0416\u0412; \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u041b\u0416\u0412; \u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438<sup>5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1 <\/sup>\u0412 \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u00ab\u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0430\u00bb \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u041b\u0416\u0412 \u0438\u0437 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>2<\/sup> \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u041a\u041d\u0420 \u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u041b\u0416\u0412, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>3<\/sup> \u0412 \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>4<\/sup> \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438\u00bb \u0442\u0430\u0431\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>5<\/sup> \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0443 \u00ab\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f\u00bb \u2013 \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u2013 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0432\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9648\u707f\uff0c\u5468\u5f69\u8679\uff082023\uff09. \u5927\u5b66\u751f\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u8ba4\u77e5\u884c\u4e3a\u73b0\u72b6\u53ca\u5e72\u9884\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u804c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c39\uff0818\uff09\uff1a2579\u20132582. [\ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b, \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b; \ud835\udc4d\u210e\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62, \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc56\u210e\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 (2023). \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc50\u210e \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc61\u210e\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc58\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc4f\ud835\udc52\u210e\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc50\u210e\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60. \ud835\udc42\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc61\u210e, 39(18), 2579\u20132582.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u67cf\u6625\u7434\uff0c\u80e1\u5fd7\u4eae\uff0c\u6768\u96ea\u6885\uff0c\u7b49\uff082023\uff09. \u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u75c5\u4eba\u793e\u4f1a\u6b67\u89c6\u611f\u7ecf\u5386\u548c\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u8d28\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u5168\u79d1\u62a4\u7406\uff0c21\uff0821\uff09\uff1a2980\u20132984. [\ud835\udc35\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc56, \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc5e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b; \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc62, \ud835\udc4d\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54; \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc56 \ud835\udc52\ud835\udc61 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59. (2023). \ud835\udc34 \ud835\udc5e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc52\ud835\udc65\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc60. \ud835\udc3a\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, 21(21), 2980\u20132984.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u970d\u534e\u5fb7\u00b7\u8d1d\u514b\u5c14\uff082011\uff09. \u5c40\u5916\u4eba\uff3bM\uff3d. \u5f20\u9ed8\u96ea\u8bd1. \u5357\u4eac\uff1a\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e. [\ud835\udc35\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc58\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f, \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc51 (2011). \ud835\udc42\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60: \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc61\u210e\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc37\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc52 (\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc60. \ud835\udc4d\u210e\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc40\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc65\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc52). \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc57\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54: \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc57\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc48\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc60.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5b59\u548f\u8389\uff082004\uff09. \u8d2b\u56f0\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0e\u7126\u8651 &#8212; \u65b0\u7586\u8428\u963f\u4ee3\u7279\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\uff3bD\uff3d. \u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u6c11\u65cf\u5927\u5b66. [\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b, \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56 (2004). \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66, \ud835\udc40\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66, \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc65\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66: \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc61\u210e\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc61 \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc57\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54. \ud835\udc43\u210e\ud835\udc37 \ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b. \ud835\udc40\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc67\ud835\udc62 \ud835\udc48\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5b59\u548f\u8389\uff0c\u6c6a\u5b81\uff082009\uff09. \u5173\u4e8e\u6545\u610f\u4f20\u64ad\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u601d\u8003\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c30\uff084\uff09\uff1a36\u201338. [\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b, \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56; \ud835\udc4a\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 (2009). \ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc53\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc49\/\ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46. \ud835\udc40\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc43\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5d\u210e\ud835\udc66, 30(4), 36\u201338.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5218\u80fd\uff082005\uff09. \u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u3001\u6c61\u540d\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6b67\u89c6\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e61\u6751\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u4e24\u7c7b\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\uff086\uff09\uff1a136\u2013164. [\ud835\udc3f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc62, \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 (2005). \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46, \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e, \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b: \ud835\udc34 \ud835\udc5e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc66\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc61\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc5c \ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60. \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60, (6), 136\u2013164.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Stangor, C.; Crandall, C. S.\uff082000\uff09. Threat and the social construction of stigma. In: Heatherton, T. F. et al. (eds.) The Social Psychology of Stigma. New York: Guilford Press, 62\u201387. [\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f, \ud835\udc36.; \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc59, \ud835\udc36. \ud835\udc46. (2000). \ud835\udc47\u210e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc61\u210e\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e. \ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc5b: \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\u210e\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b, \ud835\udc47. \ud835\udc39. \ud835\udc52\ud835\udc61 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59. (\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc60.) \ud835\udc47\u210e\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc66\ud835\udc50\u210e\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e. \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc64 \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc58: \ud835\udc3a\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc53\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc60, 62\u201387.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Goffman, Erving\uff081963\uff09. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. New York: Simon &amp; Schuster. [\ud835\udc3a\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53\ud835\udc53\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b, \ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 (1963). \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e: \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc61\u210e\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc40\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66. \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc64 \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc58: \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b &amp; \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc50\u210e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud835\udc39\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f (2001). \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc3a\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc4f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc61\u210e: \ud835\udc37\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc4e \ud835\udc45\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc50\u210e \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc4e. \ud835\udc48\ud835\udc45\ud835\udc3f: \u210e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5d:\/\/\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc64.\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc53\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc52.\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc56\u210e.\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc63\/<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u738b\u540d\u5a07\uff0c\u5ed6\u667a\u67f3\uff082014\uff09. \u53cd\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u6b67\u89c6&#187;\u793e\u4f1a\u5899&#187;\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e0e\u6d88\u9664\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u4eba\u6c11\u8bba\u575b\uff0c\uff0820\uff09\uff1a155. [\ud835\udc4a\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc40\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc57\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5c; \ud835\udc3f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5c, \ud835\udc4d\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc62 (2014). \ud835\udc39\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc52\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc61\u210e\ud835\udc52 &#8216;\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc64\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc59&#8217; \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56-\ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b. \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52&#8217;\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc39\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5a, (20), 155.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u738b\u82e5\u6d9b\uff0c\u5f20\u6709\u6625\uff082003\uff09. \u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u4e2d\u56fd\u515a\u653f\u5e72\u90e8\u8bba\u575b\uff0c\uff083\uff09\uff1a32\u201336. [\ud835\udc4a\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc45\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5c; \ud835\udc4d\u210e\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc50\u210e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b (2003). \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc50\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc4f\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46. \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc3a\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61 \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc39\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5a, (3), 32\u201336.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u9ad8\u6653\u8679\uff0c\u9a6c\u8389\uff0c\u674e\u6653\u67ab\uff0c\u7b49\uff082003\uff09. \u5927\u5b66\u751f\u5bf9\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u77e5\u8bc6\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u5206\u6790\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\uff0c19\uff084\uff09\uff1a500. [\ud835\udc3a\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5c, \ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5c\u210e\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54; \ud835\udc40\ud835\udc4e, \ud835\udc3f\ud835\udc56; \ud835\udc3f\ud835\udc56, \ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc52\ud835\udc61 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59. (2003). \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc66\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc60&#8217; \ud835\udc58\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46. \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc3d\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4f\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc50 \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc61\u210e, 19(4), 500.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u738b\u7ea2\u7ea2\uff0c\u9633\u7231\u4e91\uff0cWilliams, Ann B.\uff082003\uff09. \u62a4\u7406\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u751f\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u6001\u5ea6\u4e0e\u62a4\u7406\u610f\u613f\u8c03\u67e5\u5206\u6790\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u62a4\u7406\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c18\uff083\uff09\uff1a36\u201337. [\ud835\udc4a\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54\u210e\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54; \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc66\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b; \ud835\udc4a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc60, \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc35. (2003). \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60&#8217; \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc58\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52, \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60, \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc64\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5c \ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc50\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52. \ud835\udc3d\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc52, 18(3), 36\u201337.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5218\u5b87\uff0c\u9648\u5f81\uff082001\uff09. \u62a4\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u6001\u5ea6\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u8d8b\u5411\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u4e2d\u56fd\u5168\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c4\uff084\uff09\uff1a292\u2013294. [\ud835\udc3f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc62, \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc62; \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b, \ud835\udc4d\u210e\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 (2001). \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc53\ud835\udc53&#8217;\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46-\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc58\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52, \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60, \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc4f\ud835\udc52\u210e\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc63\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60. \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc3a\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc52, 4(4), 292\u2013294.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5f20\u6709\u6625\uff082011\uff09. \u6c61\u540d\u4e0e\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u8bdd\u8bed\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\uff084\uff09\uff1a87\u201392. [\ud835\udc4d\u210e\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc50\u210e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b (2011). \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e. \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60, (4), 87\u201392.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u5f20\u6709\u6625\uff0c\u548c\u6587\u81fb\uff082017\uff09. \u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u4e0e\u53cd\u6b67\u89c6\u7b56\u7565\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c4\uff083\uff09\uff1a48\u201353. [\ud835\udc4d\u210e\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54, \ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc50\u210e\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5b; \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc52, \ud835\udc4a\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc67\u210e\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5b (2017). \ud835\udc45\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56-\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60. \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b, 4(3), 48\u201353.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Turner, Jonathan H.\uff082001\uff09. \u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff3bM\uff3d. \u90b1\u6cfd\u5947\u8bd1. \u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u534e\u590f\u51fa\u7248\u793e. [\ud835\udc47\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f, \ud835\udc3d\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\u210e\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc3b. (2001). \ud835\udc47\u210e\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc53 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc47\u210e\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc66 (\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc60. \ud835\udc44\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc62 \ud835\udc4d\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5e\ud835\udc56). \ud835\udc35\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc57\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54: \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc65\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4f\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54 \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc52.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud835\udc34\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b, \ud835\udc38.; \ud835\udc4a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b, \ud835\udc47.; \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc58\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc61, \ud835\udc45. (2006). \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc66\ud835\udc50\u210e\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc66 (\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\u210e \ud835\udc59\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc52 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc52\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b). \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc38\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc4e &amp; \ud835\udc36\u210e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e \ud835\udc3f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\u210e\ud835\udc61 \ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc66 \ud835\udc43\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc60.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">UNAIDS\uff082002\u20132003\uff09. A Conceptual Framework and Basis for Action: HIV\/AIDS Stigma and Discrimination. World AIDS Campaign. [\ud835\udc48\ud835\udc41\ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 (2002\u20132003). \ud835\udc34 \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc62\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc59 \ud835\udc39\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc52\ud835\udc64\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc58 \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc35\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60 \ud835\udc53\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b: \ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc49\/\ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc4e \ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc37\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc60\ud835\udc50\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc61\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5b. \ud835\udc4a\ud835\udc5c\ud835\udc5f\ud835\udc59\ud835\udc51 \ud835\udc34\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc37\ud835\udc46 \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc5d\ud835\udc4e\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc54\ud835\udc5b.]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>References <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aronson, E., Wilson, T., Akert, R. (2006) Social Psychology (English language adaptation edition), Pearson Education Asia Ltd and China Light Industry Press.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bai, C., Hu, Z., Yang, X. et al. (2023) Qualitative study on the experiences and perceptions of social discrimination among AIDS patients, Quanke Huli [General Nursing], 21(21), 2980\u20132984.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Becker, H. (2011) Outsiders. Studies in the sociology of deviance (\u043f\u0435\u0440. Zhang Moxue), Nanjing: Nanjing University Press.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chen, C., Zhou, C. (2023) Progress in research on the status of AIDS knowledge and behavior among college students and intervention methods, Zhiye yu Jiankang [Occupational and Health], 39(18), 2579\u20132582.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fogarty International Center (2025) Stigma and global health: developing a research agenda URL: http:\/\/www.stigmaconference.nih.gov\/ (08.01.2025)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gao, X., Ma, L., Li, X. et al. (2003) Investigation and analysis of college students&#8217; AIDS knowledge, Zhongguo Gonggong Weisheng [Chinese Journal of Public Health], 19(4), 500.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Goffman, E. (1963) Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, New York: Simon &amp; Schuster.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Liu, N. (2005) AIDS, stigma and social discrimination: A quantitative analysis of two groups in rural Chinese communities, Shehuixue Yanjiu [Sociological Studies], 6, 136\u2013164.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Liu, Y., Chen, Z. (2001) Preliminary study on nursing staff&#8217;s AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes and behavioral tendencies, Zhongguo Quanke Yixue [Chinese General Practice], 4(4), 292\u2013294.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Stangor, C., Crandall, C. S. (2000) Threat and the social construction of stigma, The Social Psychology of Stigma (\u0440\u0435\u0434. T. F. Heatherton, R. E. Kleck, M. R. Hebl, J. G. Hull), New York: Guilford Press, 62\u201387.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sun, Y. (2004) Poverty, morality and anxiety: AIDS in the Saadet community of Xinjiang, PhD dissertation, Minzu University of China.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sun, Y., Wang, N. (2009) Investigation and reflections on intentional AIDS transmission behavior, Yixue yu Zhexue [Medicine and Philosophy], 30(4), 36\u201338.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Turner, J. (2001) The Structure of Sociological Theory (\u043f\u0435\u0440. Qiu Zeqi), Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">UNAIDS (2002\u20132003) A conceptual framework and basis for action: HIV\/AIDS stigma and discrimination, World AIDS Campaign.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Wang, H., Yang, A., Williams, A. B. (2003) Investigation and analysis of nursing undergraduates&#8217; AIDS knowledge, attitudes and care willingness, Huli Xue Zazhi [Chinese Journal of Nursing], 18(3), 36\u201337.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Wang, M., Liao, Z. (2014) Formation and elimination of the &#171;social wall&#187; of anti-AIDS discrimination, Renmin Luntan [People&#8217;s Forum], 20, 155.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Wang, R., Zhang, Y. (2003) Sociological problems caused by AIDS, Zhongguo Dangzheng Ganbu Luntan [China Party and Government Cadres Forum], 3, 32\u201336.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zhang, Y. (2011) Stigma and AIDS discourse in China, Shehui Kexue [Social Sciences], 4, 87\u201392.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zhang, Y., He, W. (2017) Research on the roots of AIDS discrimination and anti-discrimination strategies, Shehui Jianshe [Social Construction], 4(3), 48\u201353.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a9 2025 \u0421\u0443\u043d \u042e\u041d\u041b\u0418 \u041c\u0410\u0438\u0411 2025 \u2013 \u2116 2(30) DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33876\/2224-9680\/2025-2-30\/04 \u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438: \u042e\u043d\u043b\u0438 \u0421. (2025) \u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u0418\u0427\/\u0421\u041f\u0418\u0414\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u044f\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u044b, \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u2116 2 (30). \u0421\u0443\u043d \u042e\u043d\u043b\u0438 \u2013 \u0434\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7495","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7495"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7577,"href":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7495\/revisions\/7577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medanthro.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}